Understanding Bipolar Crisis Situations

Bipolar disorder can escalate to crises, including severe manic episodes, depressive breakdowns, or suicidal ideation. According to the Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration (SAMHSA)1 in 3 people with bipolar disorder will attempt suicide in their lifetime. This guide empowers individuals and caregivers to act swiftly and safely during emergencies.


Recognizing Crisis Warning Signs

Mania/Hypomania Escalation

  • Reckless behavior (e.g., maxing credit cards, unsafe sex).
  • Paranoia, hallucinations, or aggressive outbursts.
  • Refusal to sleep or eat for days.

Depressive Crisis

  • Expressing suicidal thoughts or giving away possessions.
  • Isolating completely, neglecting hygiene.
  • Sudden calm after prolonged depression (may indicate a suicide plan).

Mixed Episodes

  • Agitation, rapid speech, and hopelessness simultaneously.
  • High energy paired with suicidal thoughts.

Immediate Steps During a Crisis

  1. Ensure Safety
    • Remove access to weapons, medications, or other dangers.
    • Stay calm and avoid confrontations during manic episodes.
  2. Contact Professionals
    • 988 Suicide & Crisis Lifeline: Call/text 988 for 24/7 support.
    • Crisis Text Line: Text “HOME” to 741741 (U.S./Canada).
    • Emergency Services: Call 911 if harm is imminent (mention “mental health crisis”).
  3. Use a Crisis Plan
    • Follow prearranged steps (e.g., contacting a psychiatrist, driving to the ER).
    • Share the plan with trusted contacts (template here).

Post-Crisis: Recovery & Prevention

  1. Debrief with Care Team
    • Adjust medications or therapy approaches to prevent recurrence.
  2. Hospitalization Options
    • Inpatient Care: Short-term stabilization during severe episodes.
    • Partial Hospitalization (PHP): Day programs for intensive therapy.
  3. Build a Relapse Prevention Plan
    • Identify triggers (e.g., stress, sleep disruption).
    • Schedule regular check-ins with a therapist.

Crisis Resources by Country


FAQs About Bipolar Crises

Q: What should I do if someone refuses help during a manic episode?
A: Call a crisis line or mobile crisis team—they specialize in de-escalation.

Q: Can hospitalization make things worse?
A: Rarely—it’s designed for short-term safety. Always prioritize immediate risk.

Q: How do I create a crisis plan?
A: Collaborate with your therapist. Include emergency contacts, medications, and preferences (e.g., preferred hospitals).


Disclaimer

This content is for informational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional crisis intervention. Always seek emergency help during life-threatening situations.


References

  1. SAMHSA – Crisis Care Guidelines
  2. NIMH – Suicide Prevention
  3. 988 Suicide & Crisis Lifeline
  4. International Bipolar Foundation – Crisis Resources